Oil burner



E. A. DQMEs March 29, 1938.

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. e, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 8.; Edward H.`Domms. I

1C'ttotrg March 29, 1938. E- A DOMES v 2,112,618

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 22, l1937 2 Sheet-S-Sheet 2 :inventor EdwardFlfDomms.

Patented Mar. 29, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OIL BURNERApplication January 22, 1937, Serial No. 121,781

8 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and more particularly to an. oilburner for use to generate steam required at oil wells, and has for itsobject to provide an improved oil burner including an elongated,cylindrical casting having a streamline, rearwardly-tapered chamberoperating as a conduit and dispenser of oil, and having a second chamberof similar form but of lesser area in cross-section for conducting steamand provided with a dispenser which in conjunction with the dispenserfor oil, operates to break up and vaporize the oil for complete exposureto the air before ignition.

The invention includes the construction of selil cleaning, vaporizingnozzles for the discharge ports of the oil and steam conduits at thetapered end of the casting.

When the burner is used in the oil elds it is disposed in the open airat the front of the furgg nace of a boiler, and the invention includesadjustments of the casting to positions nearer or more remote from theboiler to permit a lessei1 or greater exposure to the air of thehydrocarbon mixture before ignition and depending upon the 3:, degree ofheat required for power, also depending upon the quality of fuel.

The invention has for an important object to provide an oil burner ofmore simple construction 4and of greater heat-utilization than ordinary,

:so and having such a variety oi adjustments that it will answer allrequirements in heating steam boilers of various sizes, by use of crudeoil or similar fuel.

While this oil burner is intended to be used in 33 oil fields, it isalso intended to be used in all instances where high pressure boilersare needed for a required power.

The invention consists of the new and useful construction, combinationand arrangement of 4i) parts described herein and claimed, and asillustrated in the accompanying drawings, it being understood thatchanges may be made in form, size, proportion 4of parts and minordetails, said changes being Within the scope of the invention 5J asclaimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a broken away plan view showinga steam boiler and oil burner and connections therefor.

Fig. 2 is a view of the oil burner in longitudi- 50 nal section.v Fig. 3is a view in transverse section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is anend View of the oil burner.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a nozzle for oil and Fig. 6 is a transversesection on line S--G of Fig.

55 5. Fig. 7 is a view in longitudinal section o f the nozzle for theoil passageway oi the koil burner, and Fig. 8 is an end view of thenozzle shown in Fig. '7.

Fig. 9 is -a side view of a nozzle for steam, and Fig. l0 is atransverse section on line Ill-l0 of' Fig. 9. Fig. 1l is a view inlongitudinal section of the nozzle shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 10 to show a modified form for theoutlet port of thenozzle for the discharge of steam. l0

Referring now to the drawings for a more particular description, a steamboiler is. indicated at i3, and steam is generated by use of the oilburner I4, said burner, best shown in Fig. 2, having a taperedpassageway l5 for oil in con1munication with an oil tank l5 by means ofa conduct* ing pipe il under control of a valve i6.

The burner Hl is preferably formed as an elongated, cylindrical castingprovided longitudinally with a partition I9, thereby providing a taperedpassageway 2li for steam, said steam passageway having a steamconducting-pipe 2l leading to the boiler and under control of a valve22.

It will be understood that this burner, when Y used in connection withhigh pressure boilers may be operated by either heated air or steam.

While this oil burner is intended to be used in oil fields forgenerating steam, as mentioned, it is obvious that the heat could beutilized for other purposes, but in all instances the casting is placedin such a locality that it will be exposed to the air or, at least, theexposure must permit the presence of oxygen or pure air at the outletsof the casting i4, the space for this exposure requiring a distance ofseveral inches between the endV of the casting (Fig. l) and draft inlet23 of the nre box.

In the use of the oil burner, the crude oil used for fuel is oftenlumpy, and on .account of the high degree of heat, from exposure tosteam, obstructions accumulate in the oil passageway and ten-d toprevent the flow of oil through its discharge-port and therefore thenozzle 24, to be described, has a cone-shaped part 25 which operates asa housing for its discharge-port 26, and thereby provides an annularrecess 21 for holding accumulations of foreign substances whichotherwise might prevent ay free ow of oil.

Also the nozzle 128 for the steam passageway is 50 provided with asimilar cone-shaped part 25 which prevents foreign substances fromobstructing its outlet port 25 for the reason that these obstructions,such as rust-scales or the like, would be deposited in the annularrecess 2l', and these 65 section.

The hood 29 and control-plate 30 may project forwardly of the castingany suitable distance. The side walls of the control-plate 30 projectto,- ward the side walls of the hood, and the curvatures for the hoodand transverse curvature of the control-plate may be of greater orlesser degree, depending upon the quality of oil and degree of steampressure.

In operation the oil will attain a high degree of heat and often reachesa boiling point by action of the steam. The oil is projected against thehood, and on account of the curvature at the free end of the hood theoil is thrown into the line of steam, at which time the oil iscompletely broken up land vaporized.

The function to be discharged by the controlplate 28 is to control andprevent any movement of vaporized fuel to move below the steam line, andto deflect any downward movement of vaporized oil from the oil outlet orsteam from the steam outlet.

In operation there will be no flame at the free ends of the nozzles, butthe name will appear a few inches therefrom and will be deflectedupwardly to the boiler by the fire-brick 3| below the boiler, as shownin Fig. 1.

It will be noted that the discharge port 26 for the nozzle 28 as shownin Fig. 12 has a lesser degree of curvature than the curvature of saiddischarge port 26 shown in Fig. 10. This nozzle shown in Fig. 12 is usedin instances when a greater heat is required, and at that time theburner is disposed further from the boiler, and it should be explainedthat a number of nozzles 28 are provided, the outlets of the ports 26being of crescentform and differing in curvature, and any one of thesenozzles may be used, depending upon the degree of heat required. If thearc of curvature or" the discharge port 26 is comparatively greater, thesteam will have a greater spread laterally and will enlarge the volumeof vaporized fuel to advantage vfor providing increased heat.

Any suitable means may be provided for adjusting the burnerlongitudinally, so that the nozzles will be disposed at a selecteddistance from the boiler for greater or lesser exposure to the air ofthe hydrocarbon mixture, the means shown in the present instance being ahand-lever 32 (Fig. 1) having a link 33 attached to the tapered slidablebase 34 which supports the burner, and it will be understood that thepipes l1 and 2| may become bent and may have swinging movements Withoutinjury to permit the adjustments for the burner as may be required.

The volume of the oil passageway for best results should beapproximately three times greater than the volume for the steampassageway generally, but proportions may vary, depending, in part, onthe quality of the fuel.

By referring to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings it will be noted that, asheretofore mentioned, the partition IS-of the tapered casting providesgreatanaeis er volume for the oil chamber l5 than for the steam chamber20, and this is an important feature. One of the functions discharged bythe steam is to maintain the oil in a heated condition at somewhat lessthan the boiling point to prevent it from becoming caked or hardened,and it is obvious that if the volumes of the two chambers were equal theoil would become unduly heated.

Also since the casting and its chambers are of tapered form the ilow ofoil through its outlet port 2S and the movement of steam through itsdischarge port 2B will be more uniform, and pulsation and irregulardischarges will be avoided, ythe larger volumes of these chambers at theintakes for oil and steam being adequate and comparatively greater toprovide a reserve to permit the gradual heating of the oil before it isdischarged. One reason why the oil chamber should be larger than thesteam chamber is the fact, for operation, the oil must be maintained ata temperature not less than 20G degrees F. and must not attain atemperature greater than 400' degrees F., and this control forproduction of temperature for the oil is governed by the specified areaswhich, by

thorough experimentation, has proven to be of utmost importance andnecessary in connection with burners for attaining correct resultsrelative to combustion.

It will be understood, of course, that if the size of the burner ischanged, the proportions of the volumes should be changed accordingly.Also, if such change in size is made, the proportions for the nozzlesshould be changed, the conical ends of the nozzles which extend into thechambers being elongated, according to the quality of fuel used.

I claim as my invention,-

l. An oil burner comprising an elongated casting provided with an oilpassageway with a discharge port and a steam passageway disposedapproximately parallel with the oil passageway and having a dischargeport disposed adjacent to the discharge port of the oil passageway, anozzle in the discharge port of the steam` passageway having atransversely curved, horizontal, outwardly projecting control-platearranged below its discharge port, and a nozzle in the discharge port of'the oil passageway having .a transversely curved hood inclinedlongitudinally toward said control-plate.

2. An oil burner comprising `an elongated, tapered casting provided witha tapered oil passageway with a discharge port and a tapered steampassageway disposed approximately parallel with the oil passageway andhaving a discharge port adjacent to the discharge port of the oilpassageway, a nozzle in the discharge `port of the steam passagewayhaving a transversely curved, outwardly projecting controlplate arrangedbelow its discharge po-rt, a nozzle in the discharge port of the oilpassageway having a transversely curved hood inclined longitudinallytoward said control-plate, and a tapered base-member disposed beneath.and arranged to be moved for adjusting said casting longitudinally.

3. An oil burner comprising a casting provided with an oil passagewayanda steam passageway disposed side by side and opening on an end of thecasting, a nozzle mounted in the steam passageway having a transverselycurved control-plate projecting outwardly from the end of the castingbelow the orifice of said nozzle with its longitudinal axis parallelwith the axis of the steam passageway, and a transversely curved hoodmounted in the oil passageway projecting outwardly from the end of thecasting and having a longitudinal curvature toward the controlplate.

4. An oil burner comprising a casting having a tapered passageway foroil under pressure and a tapered passageway for live steam of lesservolume than the volume of the oil passageway, said paseagewa s openingclosely adjacent to each other at one end of the casting, a nozzleincluding a rectilinear control-plate below its oriiice having sidewalls and mounted. in the steam passageway, yand a nozzle having alongitudinally curved hood with side walls projecting toward the sideWalls of the control-plate and mounted in the oil passageway.

5. An oil burner comprising a casting having a steam passageway .and anoil passageway, a nozzle at an end of the casting providing an outletfor the steam passageway and including an outwardly projectingcontrol-plate disposed below said outlet approximately parallel with theaxis of the steam passageway and having transversely curved side walls,and a second nozzle at the end of the casting providing an outlet forthe oil passageway and including a longitudinally curved hoodoverhanging the control-plate and having transversely curved side wallsprojecting toward the side walls of said control-plate.

f6. An oil burner comprising an elongated, longitudinally taperedcasting having .a steam passageway of tapered form and a tapered oilpassageway, a nozzle projecting outwardly, from the steam passageway andprovided below its orice with a rectilinear control-plate withtransversely curved side walls, a nozzle projecting outwardly from theoil passageway provided with a longitudinally and transversely curvedhood overhanging the control-plate and side Walls of the first namednozzle, and a tapered base-member disposed beneath and arranged to bemoved for adjusting the casting longitudinally.

'7. An oil burner comprising an elongated casting having a steampassageway and an oil passageway, a nozzle having a discharge-port ofcrescent shape in communication With the steam passageway and having arectilinear controlplate below its discharge-port with transverselycurved side walls projecting outwardly from the casting approximatelyparallel with the axis of the steam passageway, and a nozzle having adischarge port in communication with the oil passageway having alongitudinally and transversely curved hood overhanging thecontrol-plate of the first named nozzle, the discharge-ports of saidnozzles being disposed in a vertical plane.

8. An oil burner comprising an elongated kcasting provided with va steampassageway and having an oil passageway of greater volume than thevolume of sai-d steam passageway, a nozzle projecting from the end ofthe casting including a rectilinear control-plate of crescent form incross-section having a discharge-port .above the control-plate ofcrescent-form in communication with the steam passageway, and a secondnozzle mounted in the end of the casing adjacent the rst named nozzleand provided with a concavo-convex hood with a downwardly curvedterminal overhanging the control-plate of the rst named nozzle.

EDWARD A. DoMEs.v

